Visual Recognition And Its Effects On The Brain - 1293 Words

Perception is based on ones ability to convert physical stimuli into behavioral responses. The processes of perception can be viewed as fluid always free flowing. Physical stimuli being sent to the brain being converted into information an in return a behavioral response is expressed. When the brain suffers brain damage a lesion is caused and the brains elasticity will work around the lesion so the brain can still function. However, the lesion is still in the brain. Visual recognition is selective attention in vision where one has the ability to recognize objects, or people’s faces (site). Agnosia is defined as ones inability to recognize sensory inputs. Agnosia is typically a result of brain injury (site). When one suffers brain damage†¦show more content†¦Journal of Vision 2015). There was an experiment conducted where Participants were calibrated with an 8-dot calibration before the start of each task. Subsequently, each participant did both the Number and the Area Task, with order counterbalanced across subjects. Participants had to verify whether the cumulative area was higher for the blue or yellow side, independent of number. In the Number Task participants had to verify whether the total number of items on the screen was higher for the blue or yellow side, independent of cumulative area. The experimenter stayed with the participant for four practice trials in order to make sure that the participant understood which dimension to attend to on each Task. Each trial was presented for 2000 milliseconds and participants were able to respond at any time during that period. The stimulus stayed up after the response, allowing eye tracking to continue for the full 2000 millisecond period. However, all of the reported results are reduced to the participant s response time on the particular trial. All eye-tracking variables were extracted from the data by examining fixation points along the horizontal and vertical axes; fixation points were determin ed with thresholds on both velocity and position. Any samples that were unreliable were removed from the data analysis, because the participant blinked or looked

Love Is Blind Essay Research Paper Love free essay sample

Love Is Blind Essay, Research Paper Love is Blind: I am sitting at my desk, and all of a sudden it hits me: a beautiful thought for a new web site, that # 8216 ; one and merely # 8217 ; offering to catapult my entrepreneurial phantasies into instant success. I am confident it will work. I know everyone will see the site. Even my household loves the thought. I invest a good trade of clip and a significant sum of money development and selling this web site I love, but a twelvemonth base on ballss and the exclusive visitant to the site is I. What at first seemed like an exciting, profitable new construct is now merely an highly expensive, dissatisfactory under-taking for my company. How could this hold happened? Well, rather merely, I was blinded by love and I fell for the incorrect merchandise. More than a mere concern determination, the merchandise became a powerful new passion for me. We will write a custom essay sample on Love Is Blind Essay Research Paper Love or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The compulsion for this new thought was so strong that even a normal man of affairs would disregard logic to prosecute the glistening net incomes they felt it promised. As dry as it is, this is non an unusual job. Yes, love is unsighted, but I guess that # 8217 ; s what existent love is, your blind to the things you don # 8217 ; t like about that individual, or your blind to their mistakes or the manner they hurt you. Consequently, although one may neglect, they merely maintain coming back for more. Deriving peace, though, is non the lover s primary end. This is because the dear has become the most cherished thing in the existence to the lover: Person to be nurtured, cared for, and cherished. The lover will travel to any lengths to run into the beloved s every demand, to the point of jeopardizing or even losing his or her ain life! This is even exemplified in Romeo and Juliet, when Juliet finds out Romeo is dead, she kills herself excessively merely so that she can decease with him by her side. Therefore, the felicity and public assistance of the beloved is of extreme concern. A Mother cervid who is watching her babe cervid acquiring eaten by a king of beasts may merely travel on with life. But, worlds have been given a distinguishable feature of feelings and emotion. When we cry, smile, or laugh we are allowing out our emotions. Some emotions, though, such as love, are more hard to exemplify than others. Often people resort to different types of literature, such as verse forms, to demo this emotion. Ultimately, though, it is still blind in that it is highly hard to show it physically. Love is non something that can be seen, heard, or touched. It can easy infiltrate 1s mind, though, into believing, moving, and making things in certain ways. This is where love is unsighted. Just as I had seen a great concern chance unfold, my head neglected really measuring the venture from all facets. I merely went straightforward with it. I end my personal response with a quotation mark by King Solomon: # 8220 ; Love is every bit strong as decease, and although it can non be seen, its green-eyed monster is unyielding as the grave. It burns like blazing fire, like the really fire of the Lord. Many Waterss can non slake love and rivers can non rinse it away. # 8221 ;

Personal Response to Wilfred Owen Essay Example

Personal Response to Wilfred Owen Essay An Idea of the scenery and surroundings Is extra given by Dim, through the misty panes and think green light this Is a use of visual Imagery to aid the reader in an understanding better of what is happening. The 3rd stanza begins to explain about this mans nightmares. He keeps on seeing a certain man, dying within the gas. The man is haunting him in his nightmares. In all my dreams, before my helpless sight, He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning. These two nines are on their own in the poem structure. This is because they symbolize thought, the poets personal feelings, it is unique to the poet in the way of how he reacts and how the experience affected him. This experience leaves the soldier to feel guilty because the man in his nightmares is there, plunging at him of help of some kind but he Is unable to do anything. The 4th stanza speaks out to the people whom may think that war Is glorious, those who believe In heroism and also speaks to the reader Like a friend. In directing to that particular audience he also presents further thoughts of is own. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Response to Wilfred Owen specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Response to Wilfred Owen specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Response to Wilfred Owen specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer He is asking those who think war is glorious if they would still feel the same way if they had seen a man dying inevitably in a gas cloud. And if they were unable to do anything to help. The poet is asking that they do not carry on this belief, of war as a heroic thing, to children of younger generations. Do not make them feel too, that war is great and wonderful in any way. There is contrast here also with the imagery of the man dying in gas and yet others who feel this aspect is glorious. The imagery in Dulcet is stronger than that of Anthem, honorable to die for your country. The old lie: Dulcet et decorum est. Pro patria moor. . Both poems seem to give ideas of war In no way being honorable to fight for your country but rather sinful and many comparisons are made within the poems that would make the reader think of war being something similar to a hell or the likes. In both poems Onomatopoeia and alliteration are made of good use, Owen uses a lot of metaphors and similes to help explain comparisons, he seemed to make a lot of comparisons, a good technique to nave ten reader twinkling AT events Ana occurrences Tanat are unappealing In ten poems. The mood in the poems is very similar, it is basically a depressive, torturous mood, an impression of gloominess is left on the reader as it contradicts usual beliefs about war this shows the poem to be quite rebellious but in its own right. There is no real difference between the poem from the perspective of mood, Anthem tries to explain cruelty in death on the battle ground although this bitter mood calming toward the end and Dulcet that it is not honorable to die for your country, but with the strong use of contrast and imagery this is more so bitter and cruel throughout. The structure of Anthem for Doomed Youth follows a two line rhyming pattern and seems to follow a slow pace which helps in approaching its solemn mood. This also gives a sense of movement that can be followed in the mind of the reader. Dulcet Et Decorum Est is written in a moderate pace, it seems to unfold almost similar to a story as it takes you bit by bit through occurring events. There are lines that seem to end abruptly, stopping Just like that which gives a sense of urgency and following on in the second stanza this technique is used to show a sense of panic. Dulcet seems very thoughtful and the way it unfolds like a story is undoubtedly deliberate to in some way assist the solemn mood of the poem and final message that it is not beautiful to die for your country. The underlying differences between these two poems is Dulcet is much more descriptive, real and violent. There is a strong sense of anger and bitterness throughout Dulcet. One of Wilfred Owens poem is named Anthem for Doomed Youth. An anthem is a religious or patriotic song, something usually sung by a choir. This immediately suggests that the poem is serious, patriotic. The doomed youth mentioned in the title refers to the young generation of men and soldiers whom have signed up to war only to be giving their lives away. The poem focuses on the aspect of Youth dying so in vain. The poem puts forth a question of how the soldiers who are dying will be mourned? For their deaths on the battle field there is no proper funeral service of sorts. No bells to ring them off into heaven. What passing bells for these who die as cattle? There are a number of comments within the poem that would seem to relate o a mourning ritual or funeral ceremony of sorts being the harsh anger of guns and aggressive violence on the battle field. Owen makes good use of Onomatopoeia. Only the cluttering rifles rapid rattle It explains that as they die and pass from the earth all that there is to mourn them and say farewell is the continuing battle between men and use of weaponry. Only the monstrous anger of the guns. References from the poem, things like the guns, are replacing parts of an ordinary funeral service. The guns for example, replacing the bells that would sound at a normal funeral service, he prayers that would ordinarily be heard are replaced by rifles and the choir by wailing shells. The poem is quite bitter and sad through the first part, the sadness can be seen here and bugles calling for them from sad shires this is the last sad sound heard. It refers to the soldiers and the countries that each of them come from, to their regiment. As the poem continues it gives a lasting impression that war is, in fact, not heroic nor brave but rather a cruelty and of a sadistic nature. I think that What candles may be held to speed them all? Is asking in a way, Who or what will give prayer to their spirits after they have died so that they may find rest within nave?. I en poem overall makes war out to De a SSL Ana a Turned Tort all Tanat nave to endure it, it gives an impression of there being no heroes in war and no victory neither and focuses mainly on how they will find peace in their death on the battle ground. The Anthem however is more related to the aftermath of war, more abstract to a point of trailing on thoughts rather than reality, using evocative language. There is a to of poetical devices used to enhance these poems. Repetition, Gas, gas! similes, half-rhymes, fumbling and stumbling. assonance and alliteration. The way in which the language, imagery and contrasting is brought together with more simple phrases and language. The effect of using colloquialisms. quick boys! an ecstasy of fumbling A contrast between the reality of war and peoples real experiences In these two poems, Wilfred Owen describes his dislike for war because of the horrible things he had seen, the friends that he had lost, and the suffering he had went through. These are two of Wilfred Owens most famous poems because he talks about the tragedy that brings in war and he describes it, making these poems anti- war. The war that Wilfred Owen was in, affected his poetry because he met Swanson who helped and edited his poems and also the war was a big thing because his poems would be nothing without the war and the imagery he puts into the poems. The imagery he puts into the poems because he experienced it first hand, it draws the readers in, to show the gruesomeness of war. The poems that Wilfred Owen wrote were affect by war and his friend Swanson.

Ryanair low cost airline

Ryanair low cost airline Introduction This case study highlights some aspects of Ryanair low cost airline operation. The company was the largest airline carrier by passengers and market capitalisation in the year 2009. The company based its operational model on the low cost strategy in order to increase its market shares and reduce costs. This model proved suitable during the economic crisis of 2008. The company also has a huge potential for growth as the EU low fare airline markets expand.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Ryanair low cost airline specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ryanair has also introduced ancillary services to increase its revenues. However, some these strategies are not popular with customers. In addition, the company also suffers from negative publicity due to its treatment of customers and persons with disabilities. Still, Ryanair also has challenges related to legal issues, fierce competition, EU ban, regulatory me asures and costs, and fuel costs among others. The company needs a new strategy for its future operation. This should focus on reducing its risks and improving its market share. Current mission/objectives and strategy Low fare Ryanair operates on a low cost strategy. Customers and competitors know Ryanair for low prices. The company underwent restructuring in the 1990s and changed policies that eliminated free services. Ryanair has been operating as no frills passenger airline. The company has relatively low fare in relation to its competitors. However, Ryanair also has some of the most controversial charges in the airline industry. For instance, Ryanair has additional charges for passengers using wheelchairs, infant fees, baggage charges, check-in fees, and onboard toilet fees among others. Such fees related to wheelchairs, and how the company treats persons with disabilities have attracted controversies and negative publicity among stakeholders. In all, the low price strategy has positioned the airline as the cheapest in the European markets, and it constantly changes its strategy to match the European market (HOggins 618). The company also has some serious challenges from both inside and outside. These include poor customer services, legal challenges, fierce competition, regulation requirements, and poor relations with unionists among others. Low maintenance cost The low cost model has also resulted into low maintenance cost strategy. For instance, the company reduced its operating costs by 4 percent. The company maintains its costs as low as possible due to its fleet and staff. This approach also covers environmental area as the company strives to invest in environmental friendly fleets. These fleets are also fuel-efficient. The companys low maintenance cost also includes staff training. Ryanair also reduced flight frequencies in loss making routes in the UK and Ireland.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ancillary services Ancillary services are also core parts of Ryanair strategy. This strategy aims at increasing the airline’s revenues. The company has in-flight beverages, food, online and onboard gambling, mobile phones, ‘fat tax’ for overweight customers, and sale of merchandise for extra revenues. In addition, Ryanair also has accommodation, car rental and travel insurance services. According to Ryanair financial statements of accounts, revenues from ancillary services have been growing steadily for the past three years, i.e., from  £3.6 million in 2007 to  £5.9 million in 2009. However, not all these ancillary services, such as gaming and entertainment console were successful as they met resistance from passengers. Expansion strategy Ryanair also has an aggressive expansion strategy. For instance, the company expects to operate 300 fleets by the year 2012. Meanwhile, Ryanair has inves ted in new and environmental friendly flights. The company reduced operation in loss making routes of the UK and Ireland, but replaced them with profitable routes in Germany, France, and Spain. The company took advantage of diminishing carriers and planned to open 146 new routes in 2010. At the same time, Ryanair also focused on increasing its market shares. This was also evident in the failed takeover attempt of Aer Lingus. Productive Employees Productive workforce strategy is also a strategy in Ryanair, and this starts from the CEO. The company nearly doubled its staff during the last three years of operation. Ryanair claimed that it paid its crew better than any other airline company. For instance, in 2009, the company Annual Report claimed that it paid an average of  £45,333 higher than other companies. In addition, pilots and other cabin crews negotiated new pay deals with the company. These negotiations aimed at maintaining a healthy workforce and complying with the EU regul ations. Web site advertisement Ryanair marketing strategy aims at positioning it as a low cost airline company. Ryanair has exploited Internet marketing opportunities and in turn eliminated travel agents. The Web site has been the primary tool that the company uses to advertise its low cost services. Consequently, Ryanair promotes its Web site on newspapers, radio, and television. This effort has ensured that 99 percent of the booking takes place via the Internet.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Ryanair low cost airline specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ryanair is sensitive to costs. Consequently, it relies nearly on free and controversial publicity. These include topical advertising, press conference and publicity stunts. In addition, the company also relies on distributions of promotional and advertisement materials, cooperative advertisement with other travel organisations and tourist boards. Internal and ext ernal environment Economic factors Michael O’Leary commented that â€Å"an economic recession is good for Ryanair, as it can survive it better than airlines with higher pricing models† (HOggins). The globe recession of 2008 was the major economic factor that Ryanair faced. Economists like McConnell, Brue, and Barbiero claim that shifts in the economic patterns influence organisations operation (McConnell, Brue and Barbiero 34). The prevailing economic conditions influenced how passengers, sellers, and other stakeholders in European markets behaved. Airline companies diminished because their business models could not withstand recession challenges. However, as we have seen above, the recession created opportunities for low cost airlines like Ryanair. Ryanair was able to exploit the vacuum that other companies created. As a result, the company did not experience thorough effects of recession due to its business strategy of low cost. Instead, the company increased its ope ration to become among the best airlines in the region. From this observation, we can conclude that Ryanair business model was recession proof. However, tough economic conditions also had its effects on Ryanair. For instance, the company share prices dropped, revenue plummeted and it cancelled expansion decisions due to costs. The UK and Ireland routes became unproductive and forced the company to cut its operation in those routes. Ryanair was also able to exploit the favourable fuel prices in order to offer low fare fleets that no other company could achieve. In 2009 to 2010, the company managed to hedge 90 percent of its fuel costs and saved  £460 million. Political factors These are mainly regulations, taxes, and other related political factors. In this case, Ryanair must abide by EU regulations on airline operation. For a long time, Ryanair CEO has engaged in high-profile wars with the EU and British Airport Authority (BAA). For instance, the CEO accused the EU commission of b ias towards low fare airlines.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company noted that the EU Commission prevented its agents from booking low cost airlines. This is a case of regional regulations affecting activities of Ryanair. At the same time, the Commission’s fixed charges also discriminate low cost airlines (Ryanair 2012). According Ryanair, this is discrimination against low fare airlines. At the same time, BAA has also imposed charges that affect the company’s revenues. For instance, the UK government planned to raise passenger charges from  £10 to  £11. Social factors The CEO can control the company’s image and its relationship with customers. This is because such factors affect consumers’ emotions, attitudes, opinions and interests about Ryanair services. Some of these social factors have generated negative publicity for the company. These may include relations with disabled and overweight passengers. At the same time, passengers who prefer service-oriented flights may not find high quality services in R yanair. Brassington and Pettitt note that social factors are priority concern to marketers (Brassington and Pettitt 24; Solomon 39). Technological factors Ryanair is technologically evolving company. The company conducts its 99 percent of bookings through its Web site. Ryanair noticed convenience that online services provided to its customers and the company. Therefore, the company advertises its Web site in different media. Technological developments have transformed the way airlines conduct their management processes (Kotler, Wong, Saunders and Armstrong, 2005). Legal factors The company has some of the most expensive lawsuits in the industry. Consequently, its operation costs have increased. The company has faced charges from regulators, competitors, passengers, and it is also in poor relations with trade unionists, politicians, and people with disabilities. Environmental factors Environmental factors also influence activities of Ryanair. The company embarked on using modern airc rafts and maximised usages in order to reduce emissions. At the same time, Ryanair also claimed that its decision to eliminate free food, beverages, and newspapers had reduced waste products from the company fleets. Ryanair SWOT Analysis Strength Low fare strategy Environmental friendly fleets Ancillary revenues generation Web site booking Few flights cancellations Weaknesses Poor customer services Overreliance on CEO Negligence on security issues Opportunities Growing EU markets Provisions of ancillary services Expansion of marketing strategies Investing in environmental friendly flights Using hedge to save on fuel costs Threats Expensive lawsuits Competition from other low fare flights and large flight companies, alternative modes like train EU ban on low fare flights Different states regulations and charges Unproductive routes like Ireland Customer resistance to some revenue generation strategies Negative publicities Map and determine the organizational stakeh olders’ expectations power and influence Shareholders High Power hareholders of Ryanair have significant power and control over the future of the company strategies (Roloff 233). Shareholders expect returns from their investments. However, since the year 1996, the company had never declared or paid dividends on shares. The company believes in retaining earnings for future expansions, acquisition of new fleets, and expansion of current services (Svendsen 85). However, shareholders of the company expect their dividends after 2012. We can also see how shareholders influenced Ryanair’s strategic decision to takeover Aer Lingus. Employees The company’s management team and employees have been responsible for its current position. Ryanair believes that it pays its employees relatively well above the average of other airline companies. For instance, the company report of 2009 claimed that the staff cost was  £45,333 above other European airlines. Employees can also n egotiate for favourable pay with the company, but their power is low. However, Ryanair also expects its employees to deliver positive results. Lenders Lenders have high interest in the company because of business advantages. However, their power to control the company’s decisions is low. Government /Regulators These groups influence all the company’s policy, charges, and decisions among others through their regulatory and tax measures. The company cannot consider decisions that go against governments’ wishes. Thus, their interest and power in the company remain high. Customers In a world of fierce competition, Walker and Marr believe that customers are key stakeholders for success (Walker and Marr 13). The company is favourable among low fare airlines in European markets. Customers expect fair treat and quality services for charges they pay. Though Ryanair is a low fare airline, the company has formulated some of the most controversial methods of charging custom ers extra fees. Some of these methods are not popular among its passengers. Ryanair charges persons with disabilities who use wheelchairs onboard. This move has generated debate on how the company handles its disabled customers. At the same time, the company also targets overweight passengers with its ‘fat tax’ charges. However, the ‘fat tax’ led to wastage of time and the management eliminated it. Some of these ancillary services for extra revenues have generated negative publicity for the company. In fact, critics of the airline believe that passengers use it because it is a low fare airline available in most routes. Competitors and Suppliers Competitors and suppliers are also important elements of Ryanair. We can look at fierce competitions among airline companies of Europe. These companies have based their battles on prices. Ryanair uses different media to compare its prices with its competitors. In turn, competitors have accused it of misleading passen gers. Competition among these organisations is responsible for the growth of the airline industry in Europe particularly the growth of Ryanair. The relationship between Aer Lingus is also crucial as it affected profits of Ryanair. Aer Lingus is a fierce competitor of Ryanair. However, Ryanair has 25.2 percent stake in the company. The deteriorating fortunes of Aer Lingus meant losses to Ryanair shareholders in the year 2009. As a result, Ryanair CEO admitted investment in the company was a mistake. In this case, the company could have sold its shares before accruing further losses (Lock 67). Another relationship of significance is the interaction between Ryanair and its suppliers. Ryanair attempted to expand its fleets in 2009, and the company invited Boeing and Airbus. The invitation of Airbus was a strategy that the company wanted to apply in order to get a massive discount from Boeing. Airbus declined because the process would be expensive and time-consuming. On the other hand, t alks with Boeing collapsed. These cases show how Ryanair management use different strategies in order to keep costs as low as possible. Formulation of new strategic direction for the organization This was the largest airline carrier by passengers and market capitalisation in the year 2009. In fact, the airline and its management have won several awards. In addition, its low cost strategy proved recession proof in 2008. However, the company must address some concerns for future growth by balancing its strategic direction with revenue generation, legal issues, market dynamics, and industry relations among others (Kaplan and Norton 56). Home Business Ryanair should emphasise weekend travel and last-minute travel and provide the best packages for such travellers. The company can rely on such strategies for improving its customer base. However, home business strategy for Ryanair can lead to poor services as customers may increase beyond the company’s capacity. This strategy may al so affect perceptions of customers about the quality of services Ryanair offers. As a result, some customers may use alternative means like rail transport. Holiday packages Ryanair should introduce free seat campaigns for a given period of time, especially during winter seasons. The company should use this approach as sales strategy particularly in unpopular routes so as to increase the number of customers. The company should offer few seats in popular routes. The company should also inform its customers about tax charges with free seat campaigns. Such holiday packages should save customers on costs and improve experiences of their holiday. This shall enable Ryanair popularise itself among travellers and attract many travellers. Promotional strategies can only improve the number of customers who need free seats or discounted services. Thus, Ryanair must restrict such offers to a specific number of customers for its fleets. Frequent traveller loyalty programme Ryanair should introduc e loyalty programmes for its frequent travellers. The company can reward its frequent customers through free flights or reduced charges. Every travel should earn redeemable credits. The best method to capture such data is through the use of smart card. The company must also give specific periods for expiry of such credits. Loyalty schemes should not target blackout dates. Thus, customers can redeem their free flights at any time. However, loyalty programmes can severely affect the profit of the company (Pocket Mentor 12). Referral discounts The industry is still competitive (Bache and Freeman 3). Thus, Ryanair should work with local travel and accommodation companies so as to promote its flight. In turn, customers who also book through the Internet can also get discounted rates in hotels rooms and car hire among others. However, the company must apply policies such as nonrefundable and advance payment in order to discourage cancellations after booking (Madison 233). Referral discoun ts also shall affect the company’s profit margins. Baggage and Saving Ryanair should encourage its customers who have baggage to check while booking in order to avoid extra charges while boarding. Customers can check the option and determine the number of baggage they can carry in different flights. This means that customers can purchase the baggage depending on their travel requirements. This option should also give customers opportunities to save flight costs instead of incurring extra charges when boarding. Web Booking and Check-in Ryanair should continue exploiting Web booking, and it should also introduce Web check-in before with or without luggage before a given deadline for check-in expires. This should also allow customers to choose their ideal seats depending on availability. This is a method of improving customer service for Ryanair that has poor customer service. Conclusion Ryanair has used low cost strategy to increase its market share and reduce costs of operatio n. This model protected the company from recession of 2008 and increased its competitive advantages. As a result, its customers have cost advantages. However, Ryanair also has some charges that customers oppose. Ryanair has huge potential for growth as EU market is growing, and it has not fully utilised the low cost model. The company must also address challenges that threat its operation, increase costs, and reduce profit margins. Bache, Alan and Mike Freeman. Is Our Vision Any Good? Journal of Business Strategy, March-April (1999): 1-3. Print. Brassington, Frances and Stephen Pettitt. Essentials of Marketing. Essex: Pearson Education Limited, 2005. Print. HOggins, Eleanor. Ryanair: the low fares airline future destination? Dublin: University College Dublin, 2010. Print. Kaplan, Robert and David Norton. The Strategy-Focused Organization: How Balanced Scorecard Companies Thrive in the New Business Environment. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2000. Print. Kotler, Philip, Ver onica Wong, Saunders John and Armstrong Gary. Principles of Marketing. 4th ed. Essex: Pearson Education Limited, 2005. Print. Lock, Dennis. Project Management. Hampshire: Gower Publishing Limited, 2007. Print. Madison, Dan. Process Mapping, Process Improvement, and Process Management. Chico, CA: Paton Professional , 2011. Print. McConnell, Campbell, Brue Stanley and Barbiero Thomas. Microeconomics: Canadian Edition. 9th ed. Toronto: McGraw-Hill/Ryerson, 2002. Print. Pocket Mentor. Improving Business Processes. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2010. Print. Roloff, Julia. Learning from Multi-Stakeholder Networks: Issue-Focussed Stakeholder Management. Journal of Business Ethics 82.1 (2008): 233-250. Print. Ryanair. Ryanair condemns EU Commission bias against low fare airlines. 2012. Web. Solomon, Michael. Consumer Behavior. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Europe, 2006. Print. Svendsen, Ann. The Stakeholder Strategy: Profiting from Collaborative Business Relationships. San Francisco: B errett-Koehler Publishers, 1998. Print. Walker, Steven and Jeffrey Marr. Stakeholder Power: A Winning Plan For Building Stakeholder Commitment And Driving Corporate Growth. New York: Basic Books, 2001. Print.

Forest transpiration is an element in the water cycle

Forest transpiration is an element in the water cycle Transpiration From Forest Woody Plants Transpiration is a term used for the release and evaporation of water from all plants including trees that is released out and into the Earths atmosphere. Nearly 90% of this water exits the tree in the form of vapor through small pores called  stomata  on leaves. The leaf cuticle covering located on the surface of leaves and corky lenticels located on the surface of stems also provide some moisture. The stomata are also specially designed to allow carbon dioxide gas to exchange from air to assist in  photosynthesis  that then creates the fuel for growth. The forest woody plant locks up carbon-based cellular tissue growth while releasing residual oxygen. Forests surrender large volumes  of water into the earths atmosphere from all vascular plant leaves and stem.   Leaf transpiration  is the main source of evapotranspiration from forests and, at some cost during dry years, give up much of its valuable water to the Earths atmosphere.   Here are the three major tree structures that aid in forest transpiration: Leaf stomata  -   microscopic openings on the surfaces of plant leaves that allow for the easy passage of water vapor, carbon dioxide, and oxygen. Leaf cuticle  - a protecting film covering the  epidermis or skin of  leaves, young shoots, and other aerial plant organs. Lenticels  -  a small cork pore, or narrow line, on the surface of woody plant stems. In addition to cooling forests and the organisms within them, transpiration also helps to cause a massive flow of mineral nutrients and water from the roots to the shoots. This movement of water is caused by a decrease in hydrostatic (water) pressure throughout a forests canopy. This pressure difference is mainly caused by water endlessly evaporating from the tree leaf stomata into the atmosphere. Transpiration from forest  trees is essentially the evaporation of water vapors from plant leaves and stems. Evapotranspiration is another important part of the  water cycle of which forests play a major role. Evapotranspiration is the collective evaporation of plant transpiration from the Earths land and sea surface into the atmosphere. Evaporation accounts for the movement of water to the air from sources such as the soil, canopy interception, and waterbodies.   (Note: An element (such as a forest of trees) that contributes to evapotranspiration can be called an   evapotranspirator.) Transpiration also includes a process called guttation, which is the loss of water dripping off uninjured leaf margins of the plant but plays a minor role in transpiration. The combination of plant transpiration (10%) and the evaporation from all bodies of water to include the oceans (90%) is responsible for all of the earths atmospheric moisture. The Water Cycle The interchange of water between air, land and the sea, and between organisms living in their environment is accomplished through the water cycle. Since the Earths water cycle is a loop of occurring events, there can be no starting or ending point. So, we can start learning about the process by beginning where most water exists - with the  sea. The driving mechanism of the water cycle is ever-present solar heat (from the sun) which warms the waters of the world. This spontaneous cycle of naturally occurring events creates an effect that can be diagrammed as a spinning loop. The process involves evaporation, transpiration, cloud formation, precipitation, surface water runoff, and the percolation of water into the soil. Water at the seas surface evaporates as vapor into the atmosphere on rising air currents where the resulting cooler temperatures cause it to  condense  into clouds. Air currents then move clouds and particulate materials which collide continuing to grow and eventually falling out of the sky as precipitation. Some precipitation in the form of snow can accumulate in polar regions, stored as frozen water and locked up for long periods. Annual snowfall in temperate regions will usually thaw and melt as spring returns and that water returns to fill rivers, lakes or soaks into the soil. Most precipitation falling onto land will, due to gravity, either percolate into the soil or will flow over the ground as  surface runoff. As with snow-melt, surface runoff enters rivers in valleys in the landscape with  streamflow  moving water towards the oceans. There is also groundwater  seepage that will  accumulate and is  stored as freshwater  in aquifers. The series of precipitation and evaporation continually repeats itself and becomes a closed system. Sources:     Ecology and Field Biology, R.L. Smith (buy from Amazon)         Transpiration and the Water Cycle, USGS

Book report on hiroshima by john hersey. the full edition Essay

Book report on hiroshima by john hersey. the full edition - Essay Example Miss Toshiko Sasaki, a youthful clerk, fractured her legs in the explosion. Her wound deteriorated due to the infection, and she got no medical assistance for weeks following the explosion. The blast kills over half the physicians in Hiroshima and hurt a large number of the remaining doctors. For instance, Dr. Masakazu Fujii becomes incapable of helping others. Therefore, he only manages to maintain himself. On the contrary, Dr. Terufumi Sasaki remained the only uninjured medical practitioner amongst Red Cross Hospital. Weeks after the bombing, Mrs. Hatsuyo is a widow bringing up her young children. She is caring and dependable, and a committed statesperson. As side from that, Nakamura is an obedient person. Luckily, she and her offspring survived the explosion with no bodily harm. However, Nakamura and her daughter fall victims of a radiation sickness and struggle with the problem for years. Consequently, Nakamura succumb to poverty since the war causes a destruction of her properties. In the narrative, Nakamura is an ordinary casualty of an extraordinary occurrence. Surprisingly, she holds no vengeance for the Americans in spite of the agony they caused to him. Interestingly, she secures a job that leads to her financial liberation. Dr. Sasaki is a twenty-three years old surgeon working at Red Cross Hospital in Japan. Additionally, he is hardworking, ingenious, ambitious and selfless. His kindness comes into play after he risks penalties for attending to ill patients in the villages before getting permission. Sasaki ends up treating thousand if victims since he is the only available doctor in the hospital. Consequently, after the bombing Sasaki makes an advancement in the treatment and studies of radiation illness. Therefore, Dr. Terufumi spent his post-bombing years in attempting to remove Keloid. Later, he leaves the city for a far area in order to stay away from the gruesome

Common law Degree Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Common law Degree - Essay Example About the mother who suffered distress, anxiety and nervous shock resultant of the straying of the children onto an unfinished landscaping project, the direct link or chain of causation element is likewise in attendance. However, the emotional impact may not be fully appreciated by the court as it could possibly be an unusual and unnatural over-reaction. Again, this can be a mitigating circumstance. d-2. Remoteness of damage. It is an element where the damage or loss must be determined as the proximate result of the negligence or quasi-delict. In the elderly/disabled customer, this cannot be made a consideration as the slippage was in truth and in fact the direct result of the unsafe pathway or of the lack of personnel in the center to have provided assistance along the passage. However, for the mother who was shocked, this may be a consideration, but one of mitigation. Why Because if her having been annoyed or distressed or disturbed is in such a level as will render a judgment from an unbiased mind that it is too much more than an ordinary or usual reaction from a human emotion. It is like saying that it is a remote possibility that the shock which the mother experienced would be in that proportion as to become one of a nervous wreckage. d-3. Foreseeability. ... The centre is liable for the elderly/disabled guest who slipped while passing the unsafe pathway. Although Rareplants exercised the diligence required of a good father of a family, it could have done better like providing escort or ushering assistance to the special customers who are handicapped. In sum, the centre was in a position to foresee that the slipping off track could happen to a visitor who has disabilities or limitations. In the incident of the children having gone astray, Rareplants has to be adjudged answerable because it was in the position to foresee that some classes of visitors like adventurous children would explore the supposedly prohibited area and could have designated guards or watchmen for the purpose of avoiding any unfortunate happening. ABC Accountants Ltd c. Yes. There is a special relationship between you and Lucy. Any advice from a professional, even if not express or formal or written, is binding even if there is a proviso of non-accountability. The characteristic of that relationship which is not express or formal or written may be denominated as special in that it is not in the regular or standard form. As a matter of course, one that is not ordinary is special. In professional ethics, it does not matter whether the relationship is either. In the instant case and according to its underlying circumstances, however, you are not liable. Why Because your advice did not guarantee success in any given situation which was, as a matter of fact, subject to unpredictable variances and that if the client took it as a wagering decision, she did so at her own risk. In contrast, an engineer who advises this and